Structure
Structure
In C++, a structure is a collection of variables of different data types grouped together under a single name. It is a user-defined data type that can contain multiple members (variables) of different data types.
To declare a structure in C++, you can use the following syntax:
struct struct_name { data_type member1; data_type member2; // more members... };
Here, struct_name is the name of the structure, data_type is the data type of each member variable, and the members are listed within curly braces.
For example, to declare a structure that represents a person’s name and age, you can use the following code:
struct Person { std::string name; int age; };
Once you have defined a structure, you can create variables of that type like this
Person person1;
Person person2;
You can access the members of a structure variable using the dot (.) operator, like this:
person1.name= "John";
person1.age = 30;
You can also initialize the members of a structure variable at the time of declaration using the following syntax:
struct_name variable_name = {value1, value2, ..., valueN};
For example, to declare and initialize a structure variable with the name “John” and age 30, you can use the following code:
Person person1 = {"John", 30};
Structures are useful for grouping related variables together and passing them as parameters to functions. You can also define functions within a structure, called member functions, that operate on the data contained in the structure.